Research the development of editing technology
The use of film editing to establish continuity, involving action moving from one sequence into another, is attributed to British film pioneer Robert W. Paul's Come Along, Do!, made in 1898 and one of the first films to feature more than one shot. (1)
Early editing - cutting
The Lumiere brothers started everything in 1895, by inventing the cinematographe- a three way machine that recorded, captured and projected a motion picture. The only work they produced however consists of one long roll of film. In 1901 Edwin S. Porter showed the world that it didn't have to be just ne long clip- he experimented wit film by sticking different parts of film together,
• Moviola
A device that allows the film editor to view the film while editing. Invented by Iwan Serrurier in 1924, it was the first machine for motion picture editing. It started out as a home movie project to be sold to the general public, however due to its high cost at the time, very few sold and Serrurier decided to adapt it only for use by film editors.• Flatbed Edit Suites
-a type of machine used to edit film for a motion picture. The most popular company which became associated with the flatbed suits was Steinbeck. It was invented first in 1930 in Germany and similar to the moviola allowed the editor to watch the film while editing. It also allowed for the audio to be edited as well as the video- even though sound was recorded separately, the flatbed allowed the editor to sync both the film and the audio track.
• Linear and Non-Linear editing
Linear way of editing involves selecting, arranging and modifying images and sound in a predetermined, ordered sequence. In the past the film editing was always done in a linear way where film reels were cut into long strips divided by takes and scenes, and then glued or taped back together to create a logical sequence of film. Now days non-linear editing is a way quicker and easier way of editing film which allows for more freedom and out of order sequences .
• Online and Offline Editing
-any format beneath broadcast quality is considered offline and any resolution at or above broadcast quality is considered online. The difference between the two can be seen in the price, the offline editing is usually the proxy/duplicate footage in lower resolution of the original source used for editing purpose. It can be used when editing a higher resolution video files to speed up the process and can be done on most average computers, saving money.
• The Digital Era (CMX-600, Edit Droid and Avid 1)
CMX-600, was one of the first digital editors. This system stored the video on computer disks, which provided instant access to both picture and sound, and the ability to make, and see, changes in real time. It consisted of, an ASR-33 Teletype which was used to control the recording process, and to input, and, output the Edit Decision list. (2)
The EditDroid is a computerized analog NLE (non-linear editing system), which was developed by Lucasfilm spin-off company, the Droid Works and Convergence Corporation who formed a joint venture company. (3)
The system was LaserDisc-based, relying on several LaserDisc players and a database system which would queue up the clips in the order needed from the LaserDisc players in the most efficient way, so as to minimize skipping. This however wasn't always possible. So if the edits weren't sufficiently close, the system wouldn't always be fast enough to cue up the next clip. (4)
An Avid editor uses Avid's Media Composer software to edit digital video footage for films, shows, commercials, promos, and on-air campaigns. ... The finished results of your video editing work can include DVDs, YouTube videos, motion pictures, and television.
• Modern editing platforms (Final Cut, Premiere Pro)
In 1991, Adobe came with its first video editing software Premiere. Premiere Pro, today, has become industry-leading software for video editing. The software is widely used across the globe by both beginners and professionals.
• Film and file types
(1)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Film_editing
(2)http://www.vtoldboys.com/editingmuseum/cmx600.htm
(3)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/EditDroid
(4)https://lucasfilm.fandom.com/wiki/EditDroid
(5)
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Bibliography
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flatbed_editor
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moviola
http://www.videoeditinginstitute.com/surprising-facts-on-the-history-of-video-editing
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